| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/1951/60213 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/11401/71013 | |
| dc.description.sponsorship | This work is sponsored by the Stony Brook University Graduate School in compliance with the requirements for completion of degree. | en_US |
| dc.format | Monograph | |
| dc.format.medium | Electronic Resource | en_US |
| dc.language.iso | en_US | |
| dc.publisher | The Graduate School, Stony Brook University: Stony Brook, NY. | |
| dc.type | Dissertation | |
| dcterms.abstract | Ultracold atoms in optical
lattices provide a highly controllable environment for the clean experimental realization of various model Hamiltonians from condensed matter and
statistical physics. For example, the two-component Bose-Hubbard model, which reduces to an anisotropic spin-1/2 Heisenberg model in a certain limit and
thus allows for the study of quantum magnetism, can be implemented by using bosons with two different internal states that couple differently to an optical
lattice potential. In this thesis, I present our first experiments with two-component hyperfine-state mixtures of ultracold
<super>87</super>Rb atoms in a state-dependent optical lattice, both in the strongly correlated regime and in the context of nonlinear atom
optics. For the production of <super>87</super>Rb Bose-Einstein condensates we have developed a moving-coil transporter apparatus featuring
a magnetic TOP trap which serves as a 'phase-space funnel' to load a crossed optical dipole trap. The apparatus further incorporates a three-dimensional
optical lattice setup with simultaneously usable hyperfine state-dependent and state-independent lattice beams of different spacing along the vertical
axis. Internal state control is performed via rf and microwave Rabi pulses and Landau-Zener sweeps. As a first step towards studying strongly correlated
two-component mixtures, we have realized a state-selective superfluid-to-Mott insulator transition, where one component enters the Mott insulator regime,
while the other one stays superfluid. Using the state-dependent lattice we can tune the second component's properties from highly superfluid to strongly
localized. At both extremes we find a reduction of the coherence of the primary component, i.e. a shift of the Mott transition to smaller values of the
ratio U/t of interaction to tunneling. We ascribe this to a polaron-like dressing on the one hand, and a 'quantum emulsion' causing a disordered atomic
background potential on the other hand. Further, we have observed and studied four-wave mixing of two-component matter waves. Using state-selective
Kapitza-Dirac diffraction of a two-component BEC, we prepare seed and pump modes differing both in momentum and internal state. A novel collinear four-wave
mixing process then populates the initially empty output modes. While this process can complicate studies of bosonic mixtures loaded into state-dependent
optical lattices, it might prove useful for possible applications in quantum atom optics. | |
| dcterms.abstract | Ultracold atoms in optical lattices provide a
highly controllable environment for the clean experimental realization of various model Hamiltonians from condensed matter and statistical physics. For
example, the two-component Bose-Hubbard model, which reduces to an anisotropic spin-1/2 Heisenberg model in a certain limit and thus allows for the study
of quantum magnetism, can be implemented by using bosons with two different internal states that couple differently to an optical lattice potential. In
this thesis, I present our first experiments with two-component hyperfine-state mixtures of ultracold <super>87</super>Rb atoms in a
state-dependent optical lattice, both in the strongly correlated regime and in the context of nonlinear atom optics. For the production of
<super>87</super>Rb Bose-Einstein condensates we have developed a moving-coil transporter apparatus featuring a magnetic TOP trap which
serves as a 'phase-space funnel' to load a crossed optical dipole trap. The apparatus further incorporates a three-dimensional optical lattice setup with
simultaneously usable hyperfine state-dependent and state-independent lattice beams of different spacing along the vertical axis. Internal state control is
performed via rf and microwave Rabi pulses and Landau-Zener sweeps. As a first step towards studying strongly correlated two-component mixtures, we have
realized a state-selective superfluid-to-Mott insulator transition, where one component enters the Mott insulator regime, while the other one stays
superfluid. Using the state-dependent lattice we can tune the second component's properties from highly superfluid to strongly localized. At both
extremes we find a reduction of the coherence of the primary component, i.e. a shift of the Mott transition to smaller values of the ratio U/t of
interaction to tunneling. We ascribe this to a polaron-like dressing on the one hand, and a 'quantum emulsion' causing a disordered atomic
background potential on the other hand. Further, we have observed and studied four-wave mixing of two-component matter waves. Using state-selective
Kapitza-Dirac diffraction of a two-component BEC, we prepare seed and pump modes differing both in momentum and internal state. A novel collinear four-wave
mixing process then populates the initially empty output modes. While this process can complicate studies of bosonic mixtures loaded into state-dependent
optical lattices, it might prove useful for possible applications in quantum atom optics. | |
| dcterms.available | 2013-05-24T16:38:14Z | |
| dcterms.available | 2015-04-24T14:45:34Z | |
| dcterms.contributor | Schneble, Dominik A | en_US |
| dcterms.contributor | Metcalf, Harold | en_US |
| dcterms.creator | Pertot, Daniel Alexander | |
| dcterms.dateAccepted | 2013-05-24T16:38:14Z | |
| dcterms.dateAccepted | 2015-04-24T14:45:34Z | |
| dcterms.dateSubmitted | 2013-05-24T16:38:14Z | |
| dcterms.dateSubmitted | 2015-04-24T14:45:34Z | |
| dcterms.description | Department of Physics | en_US |
| dcterms.extent | 110 pg. | en_US |
| dcterms.format | Monograph | |
| dcterms.format | Application/PDF | en_US |
| dcterms.identifier | http://hdl.handle.net/1951/60213 | |
| dcterms.identifier | http://hdl.handle.net/11401/71013 | |
| dcterms.issued | 2011-08-01 | |
| dcterms.language | en_US | |
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Previous issue date: 1 | en |
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Previous issue date: 1 | en |
| dcterms.publisher | The Graduate School, Stony Brook University: Stony Brook, NY. | |
| dcterms.subject | Bose-Einstein condensation, magnetic traps for neutral atoms, matter-wave four-wave mixing,
quantum phase transitions, state-dependent optical lattices, two-component Bose-Hubbard model | |
| dcterms.subject | Atomic physics--Condensed matter physics--Quantum
physics | |
| dcterms.subject | Atomic physics--Condensed matter physics--Quantum physics | |
| dcterms.subject | Bose-Einstein condensation, magnetic
traps for neutral atoms, matter-wave four-wave mixing, quantum phase transitions, state-dependent optical lattices, two-component Bose-Hubbard
model | |
| dcterms.title | Two-Component Bosons in State-Dependent Optical Lattices | |
| dcterms.type | Dissertation | |
