| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/1951/56160 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/11401/71743 | |
| dc.description.sponsorship | This work is sponsored by the Stony Brook University Graduate School in compliance with the requirements for completion of degree. | en_US |
| dc.format | Monograph | |
| dc.format.medium | Electronic Resource | en_US |
| dc.language.iso | en_US | |
| dc.publisher | The Graduate School, Stony Brook University: Stony Brook, NY. | |
| dc.type | Dissertation | |
| dcterms.abstract | fMRI studies have found that brain areas associated with the reward of relationship self-expansion are also the same areas that are associated with the reward of smoking cigarettes (Aron et al., 2005; Ikemoto et al., 2006; Xu et al., 2011). This raises the possibility that one reward may be able to substitute for another, and that self-expansion may be able to aid in smoking abstinence and cessation. One recent study found that successful quitters experienced significantly more self-expanding experiences (both in and out of the relationships context) immediately prior to their quitting, and even unsuccessful quitters were able to abstain longer as a function of how many self-expanding experiences they had prior to their quit attempt (Xu, Floyd, Westmaas, & Aron, 2010). The current studies build upon the idea of replacement by experimentally manipulating self-expansion and using fMRI to investigate whether craving attenuation is the mechanism behind this effect. In Study 1, smokers who were in a new romantic relationship abstained from smoking overnight and then viewed pairs of photographs in the scanner. Each pair consisted of one headshot and one object image. Headshots were either self-expanding (an image of their romantic partner) or not self-expanding (images of a friend or neutral acquaintance). Object images were either a pencil (control) or a cigarette (craving cue). When smokers viewed cigarette images alongside a photo of their partner, they exhibited less activation of areas in the brain associated with craving than when the cigarette image was alongside the non self-expanding photos. In Study 2, smokers in long-term relationships (at least 2 years) abstained from smoking overnight and then, while in the scanner, played a series of cooperative two-player games with their partner. Games were randomized to be either self-expanding (novel, exciting, and challenging) or merely pleasant but not self-expanding, and some versions of the games contained smoking cues. Smokers showed less craving area activations when viewing smoking cues during self-expanding games as opposed to non self-expanding games. These studies provide evidence that self-expansion rewards can undermine craving for cigarettes in smokers. Implications for interventions and future studies are discussed. | |
| dcterms.available | 2012-05-17T12:23:29Z | |
| dcterms.available | 2015-04-24T14:48:57Z | |
| dcterms.contributor | Turhan Canli | en_US |
| dcterms.contributor | Arthur Aron. | en_US |
| dcterms.contributor | J. Lee Westmaas | en_US |
| dcterms.contributor | Stephen Dewey. | en_US |
| dcterms.creator | Xu, Xiaomeng | |
| dcterms.dateAccepted | 2012-05-17T12:23:29Z | |
| dcterms.dateAccepted | 2015-04-24T14:48:57Z | |
| dcterms.dateSubmitted | 2012-05-17T12:23:29Z | |
| dcterms.dateSubmitted | 2015-04-24T14:48:57Z | |
| dcterms.description | Department of Social/Health Psychology | en_US |
| dcterms.format | Application/PDF | en_US |
| dcterms.format | Monograph | |
| dcterms.identifier | Xu_grad.sunysb_0771E_10450.pdf | en_US |
| dcterms.identifier | http://hdl.handle.net/1951/56160 | |
| dcterms.identifier | http://hdl.handle.net/11401/71743 | |
| dcterms.issued | 2011-08-01 | |
| dcterms.language | en_US | |
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| dcterms.publisher | The Graduate School, Stony Brook University: Stony Brook, NY. | |
| dcterms.subject | Psychology -- Health sciences | |
| dcterms.subject | craving, fMRI, nicotine, relationships, self-expansion, smoking | |
| dcterms.title | The effects of self-expansion in relationships on nicotine craving in deprived smokers: fMRI and behavioral evidence | |
| dcterms.type | Dissertation | |
