| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/11401/77008 | |
| dc.description.sponsorship | This work is sponsored by the Stony Brook University Graduate School in compliance with the requirements for completion of degree. | en_US |
| dc.format | Monograph | |
| dc.format.medium | Electronic Resource | en_US |
| dc.language.iso | en_US | |
| dc.publisher | The Graduate School, Stony Brook University: Stony Brook, NY. | |
| dc.type | Dissertation | |
| dcterms.abstract | Major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with significant deficits in information processing (Clark et al., 2009). Previous studies examining the neural basis of these deficits have often focused on disruptions localized to a small number of brain regions or have used study paradigms that do not allow for an examination of component cognitive processes such as the selection and maintenance of items held in working memory (WM). Using a task previously employed to investigate selective information processing in healthy subjects (Oh & Leung, 2010), the experiment described in this thesis examined two questions regarding the effect of MDD on activity in brain regions supporting WM: (1) the specificity of disruptions related to the processing of face stimuli in extrastriate brain regions involved in selective face (and scene) processing and (2) the effect of the disorder on brain regions associated with WM selection and maintenance, including regions in the prefrontal and parietal cortices. Behavioral and brain imaging (fMRI) data were analyzed for a total of 30 (15 unmedicated subjects with MDD, 15 matched controls) subjects. Analysis of face and scene selective regions of interest revealed that MDD-related decreases in specificity were most evident in the parahippocampal gyrus and retrosplenial cortex during the functional localizer and WM selection tasks, two regions often associated with memory encoding and retrieval, rather than in regions implicated in selective face processing. Control and MDD-group subjects showed generally overlapping patterns of activity during the WM selection task. However, in analyses of overall activity during the WM task, the control group showed significant clusters in the prefrontal and parietal cortices, including the superior and middle frontal gyri and superior parietal lobe during the cue and post-cue delay phases which were not suprathreshold in the MDD group. Between-group comparisons of selection-related activity during the cue stage revealed significantly greater activity in clusters within medial occipital lobe regions, specifically the cuneus, in the MDD group subjects compared to controls. Despite these differences, group comparisons of behavioral performance were insignificant. Therefore, MDD may be associated with disruptions in brain regions associated with memory encoding, selection and retrieval, even when deficits in these processes are not immediately apparent at the behavioral level. | |
| dcterms.available | 2017-09-20T16:51:38Z | |
| dcterms.contributor | Leung, Hoi-Chung | en_US |
| dcterms.contributor | Anderson, Brenda | en_US |
| dcterms.contributor | Klein, Daniel | en_US |
| dcterms.contributor | Casasanto, Daniel. | en_US |
| dcterms.creator | Borghi, John A. | |
| dcterms.dateAccepted | 2017-09-20T16:51:38Z | |
| dcterms.dateSubmitted | 2017-09-20T16:51:38Z | |
| dcterms.description | Department of Biopsychology. | en_US |
| dcterms.extent | 146 pg. | en_US |
| dcterms.format | Monograph | |
| dcterms.format | Application/PDF | en_US |
| dcterms.identifier | http://hdl.handle.net/11401/77008 | |
| dcterms.issued | 2015-08-01 | |
| dcterms.language | en_US | |
| dcterms.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-20T16:51:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
Borghi_grad.sunysb_0771E_11597.pdf: 4204582 bytes, checksum: aab64350cddb6c36802ff96d2c82eca5 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2013 | en |
| dcterms.publisher | The Graduate School, Stony Brook University: Stony Brook, NY. | |
| dcterms.subject | Brain Imaging, Cognitive Neuroscience, Face Processing, fMRI, Integrative Neuroscience, Major Depressive Disorder | |
| dcterms.subject | Psychobiology | |
| dcterms.title | Major depressive disorder is related to a broad disruption in brain regions underlying working memory processing | |
| dcterms.type | Dissertation | |
