| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/11401/78244 | |
| dc.description.sponsorship | This work is sponsored by the Stony Brook University Graduate School in compliance with the requirements for completion of degree. | en_US |
| dc.format | Monograph | |
| dc.format.medium | Electronic Resource | en_US |
| dc.language.iso | en_US | |
| dc.type | Dissertation | |
| dcterms.abstract | Population genetics is a model based science with three complementary approaches: theoretical, empirical, and experimental. The last of these employs complex experimental designs to directly estimate model parameters or, when possible, tests causal hypotheses through direct manipulation. Building on the long tradition of experimental population genetics in Drosophila species I propose new mechanisms in evolution of chromosomal rearrangements (Chapters 1-3) and then describe a series of experiments directly testing the role of metabolic genes in temperate adaptation of Drosophila melanogaster (Chapters 4-6). In phylogenetic series of gene arrangements, younger chromosomal inversions tend to be distal to older inversions. After Chapter 1 provides the first quantification of this little-known rule of chromosome evolution, I propose a cytogenetic mechanism based on non-random disjunction of overlapping inversions to explain the distal shift in D. obscura group species. Chapter 2 mathematically models this cytogenetic mechanism in terms of probabilities of crossing-over in meiosis I and disjunction in meiosis II. This theory predicts the distribution of size and position of rare inversions in populations of D. melanogaster. Chapter 3 introduces the interference hypothesis of recombination suppression for inversion heterozygotes by modeling crossover distribution as a stationary renewal point process with gamma-distributed interarrival distances. The theoretical predictions are then experimentally evaluated for four gene rearrangements from D. melanogaster, revealing a novel effect of proximity to the centromere on recombination suppression. The second half of the dissertation establishes, through direct experimentation, that metabolic genes of glycolysis underlie temperate adaptation of D. melanogaster life history traits. First, Chapter 4 uses quantitative genetics to statistically describe genetic architecture of life history traits (e.g. development time, viability, longevity) along a North American latitudinal cline. These same suite of traits are then examined for Chapter 5 using a series of experimental stocks where expression was systematically reduced via P-element dysgenesis for each enzyme of glycolysis. Finally, in Chapter 6 crosses are performed between natural isolates and laboratory constructs to conduct a population level quantitative complementation test. This study represents the first use of this experimental design to directly test for underlying genetic architecture of adaptation in natural populations. | |
| dcterms.available | 2018-06-21T13:38:41Z | |
| dcterms.contributor | Eanes, Walter F | en_US |
| dcterms.contributor | TRUE, John R | en_US |
| dcterms.contributor | Rest, Joshua S | en_US |
| dcterms.contributor | Rand, David M | en_US |
| dcterms.creator | Koury, Spencer Arran | |
| dcterms.dateAccepted | 2018-06-21T13:38:41Z | |
| dcterms.dateSubmitted | 2018-06-21T13:38:41Z | |
| dcterms.description | Department of Ecology and Evolution | en_US |
| dcterms.extent | 132 pg. | en_US |
| dcterms.format | Application/PDF | en_US |
| dcterms.format | Monograph | |
| dcterms.identifier | http://hdl.handle.net/11401/78244 | |
| dcterms.issued | 2017-12-01 | |
| dcterms.language | en_US | |
| dcterms.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-21T13:38:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
Koury_grad.sunysb_0771E_13589.pdf: 6391580 bytes, checksum: bb58710b609eaaf6601814a1e8891b67 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 12 | en |
| dcterms.subject | Chromosomal Inversion | |
| dcterms.subject | Genetics | |
| dcterms.subject | Evolution & development | |
| dcterms.subject | Drosophila melanogaster | |
| dcterms.subject | Latitudinal Clines | |
| dcterms.subject | Meiotic Drive | |
| dcterms.subject | Metabolic Control Analysis | |
| dcterms.subject | Recombination | |
| dcterms.title | Studies in experimental population genetics of Drosophila melanogaster | |
| dcterms.type | Dissertation | |
