| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/11401/76287 | |
| dc.description.sponsorship | This work is sponsored by the Stony Brook University Graduate School in compliance with the requirements for completion of degree. | en_US |
| dc.format | Monograph | |
| dc.format.medium | Electronic Resource | en_US |
| dc.language.iso | en_US | |
| dc.publisher | The Graduate School, Stony Brook University: Stony Brook, NY. | |
| dc.type | Thesis | |
| dcterms.abstract | Bone is a bio composite material made of organic and inorganic components. This unique material composition supported by hierarchical level structure enables it to perform wide range of activities and functions in human body. The inorganic phase consists of hydroxyapatite mineral crystals and the majority of organic phase is made of collagen fibers. A mineralized collagen fiber is the basic building unit in the structure of bone. The ability of bone to fine-tune its structure according to mechanical stress and repair its damaged regions differentiates it from modern synthetic materials. The bone modelling and remodeling is a very complex process which includes a high degree of synchronous effort from various factors and elements. Bone cells like Osteoblasts, Osteoclasts, Osteocytes and Bone lining cells are responsible for bone remodeling and intercellular signaling. The mechanical behavior of bone varies between different hierarchical levels of bone structure. The architecture of bone matrix enables it to absorb maximum loads without breaking. Micro cracks developed during compressive loading within lamella helps in deflecting crack propagation. Several bone diseases are caused due to the lack of synchronous effort from the different factors involved in bone remodeling. Osteoporosis is caused due imbalance in activity of osteoblasts and osteoclasts which results in deteriorating microarchitecture of bone matrix. The patients with osteoporosis experience a higher risk for bone fracture due to decrease in bone mineral density. It is more prevalent in elder women after menopause. The effect of aging and osteoporosis on bone micro - structure and chemical composition are analyzed. A possible interrelationship between microstructure and chemical composition of bone samples is also studied. Healthy and osteoporotic bone samples of female Sprague - Dawley rats of 6 month and 12 month age groups are collected and characterized for topographical and chemical analysis. A High Resolution Analytical SEM (HRSEM) and Atomic Force Microscope are used for high resolution imaging for topographical information. HRSEM is also used for EDS analysis and quant mapping to determine the distribution of different elements. The AFM analysis has shown an increase in grain size for 12 month age group sample compared to their 6 month age group counterparts. The healthy bone samples have more aligned grains structure while the osteoporotic bone samples have more chaotic arrangement. The elemental distribution did not change much for an osteoporotic bone sample compared to healthy bones. A key observation from chemical analysis data is the decrease in magnesium content with bone aging. | |
| dcterms.available | 2017-09-20T16:49:57Z | |
| dcterms.contributor | Venkatesh, T A | en_US |
| dcterms.contributor | Meng, Yizhi | en_US |
| dcterms.contributor | Koga, Tadanori. | en_US |
| dcterms.creator | Chava, Kaushik | |
| dcterms.dateAccepted | 2017-09-20T16:49:57Z | |
| dcterms.dateSubmitted | 2017-09-20T16:49:57Z | |
| dcterms.description | Department of Materials Science and Engineering. | en_US |
| dcterms.extent | 53 pg. | en_US |
| dcterms.format | Application/PDF | en_US |
| dcterms.format | Monograph | |
| dcterms.identifier | http://hdl.handle.net/11401/76287 | |
| dcterms.issued | 2015-08-01 | |
| dcterms.language | en_US | |
| dcterms.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-20T16:49:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
Chava_grad.sunysb_0771M_11365.pdf: 5602491 bytes, checksum: d98d9859abe8c0cf40d94561d9741684 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2013 | en |
| dcterms.publisher | The Graduate School, Stony Brook University: Stony Brook, NY. | |
| dcterms.subject | Materials Science | |
| dcterms.subject | AFM, Bone, Characterization, Material, Osteoporotic, SEM | |
| dcterms.title | Material characterization of healthy and osteoporotic rat femur bone | |
| dcterms.type | Thesis | |
